LINGUISTIC MANIFESTATION OF MAJOR PAKISTANI POLITICAL PARTIES ON SOCIAL MEDIA: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF INTERNET MEMES
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.sidebar##
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
This study has explored the linguistic manifestation of internet memes on major Pakistani political parties on social media. Language does not imitate meanings but creates meanings (Halliday 2014). The research analysed the linguistic choices employed in the caption of memes using Halliday's (2014) model of functional grammar. Four political internet memes were selected as study samples from the year 2020-22 from social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter. Data analyzed included the types of sentences, word phrases, vocabulary, transitivity, type of humor, and pragmatic analysis to represent the linguistic elements. The linguistic manifestation of internet memes highlighted that word phrases, short sentences, and moderate vocabulary have been used in the caption of the memes. Pun as a type of humor has been used to make fun of a situation to explain the context of the event. Future studies can be conducted to analyze the text color, style, background, and foreground color of internet memes to portray all Pakistani political parties.
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Blackwell.https://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/anthro/faculty/ochs/articles/Ochs_2015_Discursive_Underpinnings.pdf
Börzsei, L. K. (2013). Makes a meme instead. The Selected Works of Linda Börzsei, 1-28 https://www.academia.edu/3649116/Makes_a_Meme_Instead_A_Concise_History_of_Internet_Memes
Constine, J. (2014, January 8). Facebook data scientists prove memes mutate and adapt like DNA. Techcrunch. http://techcrunch. com/2014/01/08/facebook-memes/.
Dancygier, B. & Vandelanotte, L. (2017). Internet memes as multimodalconstructions. Cognitive Linguistics, 28(3), 565-598. https://doi.org/10.1515/cog-2017-0074
Davison, P. (2012). 9. The Language of Internet Memes. In M. Mandiberg (Ed.), The Social Media Reader (pp. 120-134). New York, USA: New York University Press. https://doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9780814763025.003.0013
Davison, P. (2012). 9. The Language of Internet Memes. In M. Mandiberg (Ed.), The Social Media Reader (pp. 120-134). New York, USA: New York University Press. https://doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9780814763025.003.0013
Dawkins, R. (1976). The Selfish Gene Oxford Univ. Press, ss, 224. https://alraziuni.edu.ye/uploads/pdf/The-Selfish-Gene-R.-Dawkins-1976-WW-.pdf
Doris G. (2014, February). An assessment of the role of social media in political education and mobalization (Master’s thesis). Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria. https://makurdijournal.files.wordpress.com/2014/03/an-assessment-of-the-role-of-social-media-in-political-education-and-mobilisation-by-doris-gbue.pdf
Halliday, M. A. K. (2014). Halliday’s Introduction to Functional Grammar. Oxon: Routledge. https://scholar.google.com.pk/scholar_url?url=http://en.ulis.vnu.edu.vn/files/uploads/201 9/02/Vol-34-No.-5- 2018.pdf%23page%3D189&hl=en&sa=X&ei=67ChZN67LdKsmgHzxaq4BQ&scisig=A BFrs3ziOZWCwaO4Y4h3Kwiu0p_q&oi=scholar
Heiskanen, B.(2017). Meme-ing Electoral Participation. European Journal of American Studies, 12(2),45-56. doi:10.4000/ejas.12158.
Heylighen, F., & Chielens, k. (2009). Evolution of Culture Memetics. Springer. doi :10. 100 7/978-3-642-27737-5_189-4.
Jewitt, C. (2014). An introduction to multimodality: The routledge handbook of multi modal analysis. London: Routledge.
Kostadinovska-Stojchevska, B., & Shalevska, E. (2018). Internet memes and their socio-linguistic features. European journal of literature, language and linguistics studies, 2(4).
Ministry of Labor and Employment. (2016). Media cells. https:// labour. gov.in/ mediacell:~:text=Media%20Cell%20receives%20directions%20from,and%20activities%20of%20the%20Government
Moussa B, M., Benmessaoud, S., & Douai,A. (2020). Internet Memes as Tactical Social Action: A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis Approach. International Journal of Communication, 14(3), 5920-5940. https:// www.research gate. Net /publication /345774610_Internet_Memes_as_Tactical_Social_Action_A_Multimodal_Critical_Discourse_Analysis_Approach
Qazi, A., Aziz, H., & Siraj A. (2022). Facebook Memes on Pakistan's Political Personalities: Exploring Visual and Textual Frames. Journal of Mass Communication, 26(2), 34-5. https://jmcd-uok.com/index.php/jmcd/article/view/223
Riaz , S. (2010). Effects of new media technologies on political communication. Journal of Political Studies, 1, 161-173. http: //www.documents. pk/file/P unjab%20 University% 20(PU)%20-% 20Effec ts%20of% 20New%2 0Media%20T echnologies%20on%20Political%20Communication%20by%20Saqib%20Riaz.pdf
Szablewicz, M. (2014). The ‘losers’ of China’s Internet: Memes as ‘structures of feeling’ for disillusioned young netizens. China Information, 28(2), 259–275. https://doi.org/10.1177/0920203X14531538
Yue, Y. (2019).Memes as a practice in multimodal and social semiotic approach (Msc Thesis). Nankai University. https://www. research gate .net/publication n/340223 35 6_ Memes _as_a_Practice_in_Multimodal_and_Social_Semiotic_Approach
Zubaidah, N., & Ardelia, I. (2018). A Discourse analysis of memes. Getsempena English Education Journal, 5(2), 58-64. https://doi.org/10.46244/geej.v5i2.827