اسلوبیات کیا ہے؟ قدیم اور جدید اسلوبیات WHAT ARE STYLISTICS: OLD AND MODERN STYLISTICS Section Urdu Literature

Abstract

Stylistics as a term is registered in German, English and French languages since nineteenth century. The advent of Modern Stylistics is associated with the publication of four books in English language by Roger Fowler, Donald Freeman, Geoffrey. N.Leech and Thomas A Sebok. Before the modern Stylistics made venture, the old Rhetoric was thought to be Stylistics and Aristotle, Plato, Socrates, Cicero etc. were the first to profess it. Ornamental Stylistics was in full swing during the Renaissance period where the stylistic tools were thought to be ornaments, thereby beautifying the text. Individual Stylistics was a major progress in the field where Stylistics was seen connected to different disciplines of knowledge and Expressive, Psychological, Formalistic, Reader Response and Practical and New Criticism informed Stylistics were born.The modern Stylistics, however owes much to Russian Formalism and Structuralism . Roman Jakobson and Ferdinand de Saussure left major imprints on modern Stylistics and in shaping it as it emerges today.