EXPLORING THE DYNAMICS OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE IN DISTRICT BAHAWAL NAGAR: A MULTIFACETED ANALYSIS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND RELIGIOUS INFLUENCES

Abstract

This study aims to understand why people in District Bahawal Nagar, Pakistan, make choices about using birth control methods. It recognizes the importance of family planning for individuals and communities, particularly in regions like Bahawal Nagar, where access to healthcare and education may vary. The research problem is related to understanding factors affecting contraceptive use in the district of Bahawal Nagar. It investigates how social class, psychological attitudes, and religious views affect contraceptive decisions. A qualitative methodology based on a multi-perspective concept was implemented. Different perspectives from the community were sought using surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions. Results point to a complex of factors that individual and social backgrounds influence simply the contraceptive use. Our ability to access and use different types of birth control is deeply linked to socioeconomic factors, with income and education playing an undeniable role. Moreover, psychosocial variables, knowledge, attitudes, and perceived barriers are considered equally important in conversations. Inequities thus have consequences for the way moral, legal and religiously sanctioned sexism is disproportionately enforced as it affects one's decision to use contraceptives. Conclusions This research highlights the importance of considering the multifaceted determinants of contraceptive use when designing policies and programs on family planning in the study area of District Bahawal Nagar. This underscores the need for patient-oriented interventions that consider the economic, psychological, and religious determinants and help provide the patients with information that will empower them to make informed decisions about their fertility while preserving their ability to have children and have optimal reproductive health. These data indicate that multiple approaches, including educational interventions, greater access to contraceptives, and engagement with faith-based communities and KOLs, are needed for long-term success. Furthermore, family planning services should also be integrated with existing health facilities, improving access adaption among all the different population groups in District Bahawal Nagar.