ناول " جہنمی لوگ" میں سماجی،تہذیبی اور طبقاتی کشمکش کی تاریخی معنویت

Abstract

The novel “Jahannumi Log” (i.e. People of Hell), by Shiraz Zaidi seems to have been inspired by Marxist ideology. It could by termed as the representative novel written in the first decade of 21^st century in the perspective of the Progressive Movement. Through the powerful characters of Jannat, Nemat, Nawaz, Fuzla, Chheema and Bashiran, an attempt has been made to highlight the social and cultural degradation resulting from the division of different strata of a society. Centring around an impoverished family of a daily wager who lives in a slum beside a sewerage nullah, this novel perhaps is the first of its kind which was ever in Pakistan in 2002. Having been divides into ten chapters, it is spread over 148 pages. In its chapter “Jannat ka Jahannum”, the writer has brought forth the pathetic plight of daily wagers handymen. In particular, he details to his readers the day-to-day chit-chat by the characters on such topics as highhandedness of contractors, sexual exploitation of women, their social and political problem and religious views and ideologies.