PRAGMATIC ADAPTATION IN TRANSLATION: AN ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH AND URDU VERSIONS OF MANTO’S سرخ انقلاب THE RED REVOLUTION

Abstract

This article examines the comparison between source and target text of Manto’s Manto’s سرخ انقلاب The Red Revolution. This work presents a study of Urdu to English translation of “The Red Revolution”. The research aims to find out the instances in target text where translation differences occur. For the analysis of the data Vehmas Lehtos Model of pragmatic adaptation was used.  Four major kinds of pragmatic adaptation that were addition, omission, substitution and change of order used to study the changes in the target text. The focus of the study was to check the meaning of source text weather meaning was exactly conveyed in target text or not. This analysis shows that among the four types of adaptation, addition is most frequent type used in the target text. Translator made these changes to keep the sense of original text maintained. After the addition, substitution is mostly used in the target text. Omission on the other hand was  less observed in the target text. Fourth kind that changed the order was used but in a very small amount. The analysis showed that translator although make changes in target text, but he was successfully able to convey the sense of source text in the target text to a great extant.