EXPLORING WHITE COLLAR CRIMINAL NATURE A CHALLENGES FOR PAKISTANI SOCIETY

Abstract

It is a proven fact that the jurisprudence and control mechanisms are based on political will, the role of civilian society, the presence of professional and democratic governments, and a society free from corruption. These components have never remained fundamental to our political and judicial processes. In this aspect, the political leadership and society in third-world nations, particularly in Pakistan, have abdicated their crucial roles and responsibilities as leaders and citizens. Institutions are weak, and society is ruled by elite political power, social position, and a distorted legal system. In Pakistan, individuals rather than institutions exert power and authority. The concept of "white-collar crime" is relatively new to the science of criminology. White collar crime is not new by itself, but recent work have helped to generalize such occurrences and incorporate information on the attitudes, responses, and illegal activity of the upper classes into theories of crime causation (Newman, 1958). Well-known sociologist Edwin Sutherland coined the phrase "white-collar crime" during a presentation he made to the American Sociological Association in 1939. Sutherland's definition of white-collar crime was criticized by some as being inadequately and vague (Robin, 1974).