IMPROVING ENGLISH VOCABULARY FOR EFL PAKISTANI LEARNERS AT UNIVERSITY LEVEL IN PAKISTAN
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Jul 31, 2021
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Abstract
Learning of words is an activity that begins the day a learner enters the language classroom and continues throughout the lifetime. This fact sufficiently underlines the place of vocabulary building in the language, and even more, in the EFL and L2 classroom. A ‘good’ language user is invariably the one who can use words well. However, as in the case of any other language skill, the knowledge and facility with learning strategies can make all the difference between successful or otherwise language learners. This paper aims to study the vocabulary learning strategies employed by the EFL learners at Lahore University of Central Punjab (UCP), to find out the worthy strategies and make useful pedagogical recommendations for future studies.
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References
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Gu, Y., & Johnson, R. K. (1996). Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Language Learning Outcomes. Language Learning, 46 (4), 643-679.
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Lewis, M. (1993). The lexical approach: the state of ELT and a way forward. Hove: Language Teaching Publications.
Lin, H. J. and Yang, S. –Y. (2014). An Investigation of EFL Students’ Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Motivation Orientations—A Case Study. The Asian EFL Journal Quarterly, 16 (2), 69-104.
Min, Y. K. (2013). Vocabulary acquisition: Practical strategies for ESL students. Journal of International Students, 3(1), 64-69.
Nation, I. S. P. (2001). Learning Vocabulary in Another Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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New York: Newbury House Publishers.
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Peng, S. (2009). English vocabulary learning strategies of senior high school students.
Unpublished Master‘s thesis. Suranaree University, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
Rahimy, R., & Shams, K. (2012). An Investigation of the Effectiveness of Vocabulary Learning Strategies on Iranian EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Test Score. International Education Studies, 5(5), 141-149. doi:10.5539/ies.v5n5p141
Rashid, A. (2014). The Frequency of use and Perceived effectiveness of Memorization Vocabulary Learning Strategies among university students of English Literature as a major in Pakistan. The Asian EFL Journal, 16 (2), 132-155.
Riding, R.J., Rayner, S.G., (1998). Cognitive Styles and Learning Strategies. David Fulton Pub., London.
Rubin, J. (1975). What the “good language learner” can teach us. TESOL Quarterly, 9(1), 41- 51.
Rubin, J. (1987) Learner Strategies: Theoretical Assumptions, Research History and Typology. In: Wenden, A.L. and Rubin, J., Eds., Learner Strategies in Language Learning, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 15-30.
Schmitt, N. (1997). Vocabulary Learning Strategies. In N. Schmitt and M. McCarthy (Eds.), Vocabulary: Description, acquisition and pedagogy (pp. 77-85). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Shi, H. (2017) Examining the Effectiveness of Formative Assessment in English Vocabulary Learning of Senior High School Students in China. Asian EFL Journal, 101 (5), 61-82. Soureshjani, K. H. (2011). Gender-oriented use of vocabulary strategies: A comparative study.
Akbari and M.H. Tahririan (2009). Vocabulary Learning Strategies in an ESP Context: The Case of Para/medical English in Iran. The Asian EFL Journal, 11 (1), 39-61.
Al-Khasawneh, F. M. (2012). Vocabulary learning strategies: A case of Jordan University of Science and Technology. English for Specific Purposes World, 12(34), 1-15.
Asgari, A., & Ghazali, M. (2011). The Type of Vocabulary Learning Strategies Used by ESL Students in University Putra Malaysia. English Language Teaching, 4, 84-90.
Cameron, L. (2001). Teaching languages to Young Learners. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511733109
Carthy, M. Mc. (1990). Vocabulary. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Catalan, R. M. (2003). Sex Differences in L2 Vocabulary Learning Strategies. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 13(1), 54-77.
Ellis, R. (1999). The Study of Second Language Acquisition. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
Gu, Peter Yongqi. (2018). Validation of an Online Questionnaire of Vocabulary Learning Strategies for ESL learners. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching 8 (2): 325-350.
Gu, Y. (2003). Fine brush and freehand: The vocabulary learning art of two successful Chinese EFL learners. TESOL Quarterly, 37, 73-104.
Gu, Y., & Johnson, R. K. (1996). Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Language Learning Outcomes. Language Learning, 46 (4), 643-679.
Harmer, J. (1997). The practice of English Language Teaching. New Edition. Harlow: Longman.
Hong-Nam, K., & Leavell, A. (2006). Language learning strategy use of ESL students in an Intensive English learning context. System, 34(3), 399-415.
Intaraprasert, C. (2004). EST Students and Vocabulary Learning Strategies: A Preliminary Investigation. Unpublished Research, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
Jassim, L. L., & Dzakiria, H. (2019). A Literature Review on the Impact of Games on Learning English Vocabulary to Children. International Journal of Language and Literary Studies, 1(1).
Kamali, S., Mostapha, G., B. & Baki, R., B. (2012). The Influence of Formal Language Learning Environment on Vocabulary Learning Strategies. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 3(1), 23-29.
Lewis, M. (1993). The lexical approach: the state of ELT and a way forward. Hove: Language Teaching Publications.
Lin, H. J. and Yang, S. –Y. (2014). An Investigation of EFL Students’ Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Motivation Orientations—A Case Study. The Asian EFL Journal Quarterly, 16 (2), 69-104.
Min, Y. K. (2013). Vocabulary acquisition: Practical strategies for ESL students. Journal of International Students, 3(1), 64-69.
Nation, I. S. P. (2001). Learning Vocabulary in Another Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Nosidlak, K. M. (2013). Vocabulary learning strategies of the advanced students. Journal of Language Teaching and Research 4 (4) 655-661
O'Malley, J. M., & Chamot, A. U. (1990). Learning Strategies in Second Language acquisition.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Oxford, R. (1990). Language Learning Strategies: What Language Teacher Should Know.
New York: Newbury House Publishers.
Oxford, R. (2003). Toward a more systematic model of L2 learner autonomy. In Learner autonomy across cultures: Language education perspectives. (pp. 75-91). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Peng, S. (2009). English vocabulary learning strategies of senior high school students.
Unpublished Master‘s thesis. Suranaree University, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
Rahimy, R., & Shams, K. (2012). An Investigation of the Effectiveness of Vocabulary Learning Strategies on Iranian EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Test Score. International Education Studies, 5(5), 141-149. doi:10.5539/ies.v5n5p141
Rashid, A. (2014). The Frequency of use and Perceived effectiveness of Memorization Vocabulary Learning Strategies among university students of English Literature as a major in Pakistan. The Asian EFL Journal, 16 (2), 132-155.
Riding, R.J., Rayner, S.G., (1998). Cognitive Styles and Learning Strategies. David Fulton Pub., London.
Rubin, J. (1975). What the “good language learner” can teach us. TESOL Quarterly, 9(1), 41- 51.
Rubin, J. (1987) Learner Strategies: Theoretical Assumptions, Research History and Typology. In: Wenden, A.L. and Rubin, J., Eds., Learner Strategies in Language Learning, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 15-30.
Schmitt, N. (1997). Vocabulary Learning Strategies. In N. Schmitt and M. McCarthy (Eds.), Vocabulary: Description, acquisition and pedagogy (pp. 77-85). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Shi, H. (2017) Examining the Effectiveness of Formative Assessment in English Vocabulary Learning of Senior High School Students in China. Asian EFL Journal, 101 (5), 61-82. Soureshjani, K. H. (2011). Gender-oriented use of vocabulary strategies: A comparative study.